3D Treatment Planning

Traditional radiation therapy planning was predominantly based on 2D imaging, limiting the accuracy of dose delivery. However, with the advent of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), clinicians can now create detailed 3D models of the patient’s anatomy. These high-resolution images enable precise delineation of tumour volumes and nearby critical structures, optimizing treatment plans.

Monte Carlo Simulations

Monte Carlo simulations have become a cornerstone of computational dosimetry, providing a comprehensive and precise method to calculate radiation dose distributions. Unlike traditional algorithms, Monte Carlo simulations simulate individual radiation interactions, offering a more realistic representation of dose deposition in tissues. This advancement ensures more accurate predictions and helps refine treatment plans for better outcomes.

Biological Models and Radiobiology

Integrating biological models and radiobiological data into computational dosimetry has advanced our understanding of how different tissues respond to radiation. By taking into account the variable sensitivities of tumors and healthy tissues, treatment plans can be optimized to achieve maximum tumor control while minimizing side effects on healthy tissues. This approach, known as biological dose optimization, has significantly improved treatment outcomes.

Adaptive Radiation Therapy

One of the most important developments in computational dosimetry is the concept of adaptive radiotherapy (ART). With ART, treatment plans are dynamically modified based on changes in tumour size, shape, and position over the course of treatment. This real-time adaptation ensures that the radiation dose remains optimal, even as the tumour evolves, ultimately increasing treatment efficacy.